Cardiovascular telerehabilitation improves functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author:

Nacarato Diego12ORCID,Sardeli Amanda V123ORCID,Mariano Lilian O12,Chacon-Mikahil Mara Patrícia T12

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, School of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

2. Gerontology Program – School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil

3. Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Abstract

Introduction The aim was to identify whether cardiovascular telerehabilitation programs (CV-T-REHAB) can improve functional capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life (QoL) to the same extent of presential rehabilitation (CV-P-REHAB) in older adults, by meta-analysis of previous studies. Methods Literature search was conducted in October 2020 in four databases to select controlled trials of CV-T-REHAB effects on functional capacity (six-minute walk test [6MWT]), cardiorespiratory fitness (maximal oxygen consumption [[Formula: see text]O2max]), and QoL in older adults (> 50 years) and included new articles in April 2022. Results CV-T-REHAB improved 6MWT (11.14 m [CI95% = 8.03; 14.26], p < 0.001), [Formula: see text]O2max (1.18 ml/kg/min [CI95% = 0.70; 1.66], p < 0.001), and QoL (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.36 [CI95% = 0.05; 0.67], p = 0.02). CV-T-REHAB increased [Formula: see text]O2max to a greater extent than CV-P-REHAB (1.08 ml/kg/min [0.39; 1.76], p = 0.002). Although the 6MWT and [Formula: see text]O2max analyses proved consistent and homogeneous, the QoL analysis showed considerable inconsistency ( I2 = 92.90%), suggesting the need for studies exploring the effect of CV-T-REHAB on QoL in this population. Part of the heterogeneity was explained by age differences, as CV-T-REHAB improved QoL in adults >65 years, but not in adults <64 years. Conclusion CV-T-REHAB improved cardiorespiratory fitness to a level equal to or higher than CV-P-REHAB and improved functional capacity and QoL; being mainly effective for QoL in older adults >65 years. Thus, CV-T-REHAB can be a good alternative, when not the best option and might be considered especially for individuals with limited access to participate in face-to-face programs.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Health Informatics

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