Membranes for Spatial Structures

Abstract

'Membrane Structures' are modern structures which enjoy spatial geometry as well as combined advanced materials – in order to roof or enclose certain area or volume. Membrane Structures are normally applied to light-weight structures designed for public use such as: indoor sport facilities, shading in open grounds, pavilions, car parks, markets and fairgrounds, storage facilities, water tanks' covers and military structures. Some of these structures may be retractable or moving structures while others are fixed. Such structures vary in size, span, supporting systems and insulation demands. They could be built in various areas according to different construction codes concerning wind pressure, snow loads etc. The present market offers a variety of fabrics' products. One may find fabrics which vary in size, weight, breaking strength, resistance to flex cracking, flame and tear propagation, as well as durability and guarantee given by the manufacturer. Designers when approaching the problem of choosing the appropriate membrane to suit specific project's demands, – face a complicated decision-making problem. This article is meant to provide designers with description of membranes' characteristics and design objectives accompanied by a computerized decision-making model. Such tool and information would support designers and potential clients and lead them to proper matching of the appropriate fabric to a specific project at hand.