Prevalence and Clinical Case Series of Syndromic and Nonsyndromic Cleft Lip and Palate in a Saudi Arabian Neonatal Population

Abstract

Objective: To report clinical case series of cleft lip with or without palate (CL/P) and to estimate the prevalence of infants with CL/P who were syndromic or nonsyndromic. Design: This is a clinical case series study of CL/P among live births in the maternity hospital. Setting: The study was carried out in Maternity and Children Hospital, Najran between January 2013 and December 2016. Materials and Methods: Sex and clinical presentation of CL/P were collected from the medical records of live births. Clinical presentations were identified by type of CL/P and stratified according to laterality of occurrence. The data were analyzed using (SPSS) program, version 20. Results were presented in simple descriptive statistics. Main Outcome: Prevalence of CL/P in the Najran region of Saudi Arabia was 0.65 per 1000 live births (95% CI: 0.650 [0.389-1.092]). Cleft lip and palate was the commonest clinical presentation. Result: Of 24 367 live birth, 16 were classified as having CL/P. The overall frequency of CL/P was 0.65/1000 live births (95% CI: 0.650 [0.389-1.092]). There were 10 males and 5 females. Infant sex cannot be established in 1 case. Two (12.5%) patients had cleft lip, 4 (25%) had isolated cleft palate, and 10 (62.5%) had combined CL/P. Nine (56.25%) neonates were cases of nonsyndromic CL/P, while 7 (43.75%) were cases of syndromic CL/P. Conclusions: Prevalence rate of 0.65 per 1000 live births over 4-year period was observed at (95% CI: 0.650 [0.389-1.092]). Cleft lip with or without palate was the commonest clinical presentation.