Attention and the EEG Alpha Rhythm in Learning Disabled Children

Abstract

Using several measures of attention, researchers are investigating the ability of LD children to attend to various information while performing different tasks. Technological advances in “reading” EEG (electroencephalogram) brain wave information have made it possible to measure reliably the difference between two persons' brain responses. In light of considerable research showing that the reduction in the percentage of so-called alpha waves relates to attention, this study examines LD children's EEGs for evidence of deficient attentional processes. — G.M.S. Parieto-occipital EEGs were recorded during resting baseline intervals, during an initial instruction period, and during active performance on mental arithmetic and immediate recall tasks to determine if 10 learning disabled boys would show less alpha attenuation than 11 normal controls. Fourier transform power spectral analysis was performed on FM magnetic tape recordings of the EEGs. The logs of the ratio of the average power in each task over the average power in the resting period were then computed. LD boys showed less alpha attenuation than the normal control boys. In addition, control boys responded correctly to more of the problems. Since EEG research has shown attenuation of the parieto-occipital alpha rhythm to be an electrophysiological concomitant of attention, these results support the implication that attention deficits play at least some part in learning disabilities.