Technical Meets Traditional: Language, Culture, and the Challenges Faced by Hmong Medical Interpreters

Abstract

Introduction Ineffective intercultural communication can occur due to inaccurate medical interpreting for limited English proficiency (LEP) patients. Research shows that Hmong patients experience poorer quality interpreter services than other LEP populations. This study’s purpose is to understand Hmong medical interpreters’ perceptions of the factors that affect their ability to make accurate medical interpretations during clinical encounters. Method A qualitative study was conducted with Hmong-speaking medical interpreters. The interviews were semistructured, audio recorded, and analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results 13 interpreters aged 29 to 49 years participated in the study. Three factors affected the interpreters’ ability to make accurate medical interpretations for Hmong-speaking patients: (a) matched gender between the interpreter and patient, (b) culturally taboo topics in communicating about reproductive body parts and sexual health/activity, and (c) culture and generational language differences between interpreters and Hmong patients. Discussion Clinical encounters that match patient–interpreter ages, gender, and/or local culture may reduce communication barriers.