Enrollment Challenges: Recruiting Children From Diverse Racial and Ethnic Communities to a Study of Physical Activity and Perceived Stress

Abstract

Introduction Effective recruitment and retention can be particularly difficult when research involves children from diverse backgrounds. The purpose of this article is to describe productive methods for recruiting children from diverse racial and ethnic communities. A better understanding of this process will help researchers improve recruitment efforts and better address health disparities. Method Using data retrieved from a cross-sectional study examining children’s physical activity and stress, strategies and efforts for recruitment and retention were recognized and identified. Results During a 5-month recruitment period, 92 potential participants contacted research staff after multiple strategies were executed. Among them, 83.7% were successfully recruited, and 93.5% completed the study; additionally, 54% were White and about 30% Hispanic. Although initial recruitment plans were school based, the majority were recruited by referrals from current participants. Discussion Productive strategies varied by race, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds. Proactive strategies and limitations, such as the use of a smartphone or Quick Response code, are discussed.