Elevated oxidative stress in skin of B6C3F1 mice affects dermal exposure to metal working fluid

Abstract

Metal working fluids (MWFs) are widely used in industry for metal cutting, drilling, shaping, lubricating, and milling. Potential for dermal exposure to MWFs exists for a large number of men and women via aerosols and splashing during the machining operations. It has been reported earlier that occupational exposure to MWFs causes allergic and irritant contact dermatitis. Previously, we showed that dermal exposure of female and male B6C3F1 mice to 5% MWFs for 3 months resulted in accumulation of mast cells and elevation of histamine in the skin. Topical exposure to MWF also resulted in elevated oxidative stress in the liver of both sexes and the testes in males. The goal of this study was to evaluate the interaction between oxidative stress in the skin and topical application of MWF. Oxidative stress in skin of B6C3F1 mice of both sexes was generated by intradermal injection of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) -producing enzyme, glucose oxidase with polyethylene glycol (GOD+PEG). In mice given GOD+PEG, topical treatment with MWF (200 l, 30%, for 1, 3, or 7 days) resulted in a mixed inflammatory cell response, accumulation of peroxidative products, and reduction of GSH content in the skin. Such changes were not observed with MWF treatment alone. These data indicate that oxidative stress can enhance dermal inflammation caused by occupational exposure to MWF.