Vitamins A and E reverse gasoline vapors-induced hematotoxicity and weight loss in female rats

Abstract

In this study, gasoline vapors-induced hematotoxicity, growth-depression and weight-loss reversal effect of vitamins A (retinol) and E (α-tocopherol) was assessed in female Wistar albino rats. The rats were exposed to gasoline vapors (17.8 2.6 cm 3/h/m3/day), 6 hours/day, 6 days/week, for 20 weeks. Vitamins A and E at prophylactic dosage (400 and 200 IU/kg/day, respectively) were orally administered to the rats, separately, in the last 2 weeks of exposure. The levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit or packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cells (RBC), growth rate and weight gain in the rats exposed to the vapors were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared, respectively, to the levels obtained for control rats. On the other hand, the levels of white blood cells (WBCs) in the test rats were significantly higher (p < 0.05) compared, respectively, with the level obtained for female control rats. These observations indicated that exposure to gasoline vapors may cause hematotoxicity, growth depression and weight loss in female rats. However, administration of vitamins A and E was observed to produce a significant recovery (p < 0.05) in hematotoxicity, growth depression and weight loss observed to be associated with exposure to gasoline vapors, although the rats administered with vitamin E were noted to respond more favorably than those administered with vitamin A. This suggests that although retinol and α-tocopherol may be used to reverse or prevent hematotoxicity, growth depression and weight loss in subjects exposed to gasoline vapors, the reversal potency of α-tocopherol is higher than that of retinol.