Intention and Monitoring Influence the Content of Memory Reports

Author:

Barzykowski Krystian1ORCID,Skopicz-Radkiewicz Ewa1,Kabut Radosław1,Staugaard Søren Risløv2,Mazzoni Giuliana3

Affiliation:

1. Applied Memory Research Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland

2. Arts Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

3. Università di Roma La Sapienza, Roma, Italy

Abstract

Objectives While voluntary memories are intended and expected, involuntary memories are retrieved with no intention and are usually unexpected (when one is not waiting for a memory). The present study investigates the effects of retrieval intentionality ( wanting to retrieve a memory) and monitoring processes ( expecting a memory to appear) on the characteristics of autobiographical memories. Methods To this end, by applying mixed-method analysis of memory descriptions (i.e. combining qualitative with quantitative analyses) we re-analysed the large pool of involuntary and voluntary memories obtained in one previously published study, asking independent judges to rate all the memories on several dimensions reflecting memory accessibility (i.e. the likelihood that a memory can be retrieved). Results When discussing our findings, we speculate that there may be several stages of memory retrieval that might be differently influenced by intention and monitoring. Conclusions We discuss the novel hypothesis that there may be two different types of monitoring that operate independently of each other, before and after retrieval, respectively.

Funder

The Bekker programme from the Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange

The Faculty of Philosophy of Jagiellonian University

Polish National Science Centre

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Psychology

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