The Combined Outcomes of the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Collapsing Economy on Mental Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Combined Outcomes of the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Collapsing Economy on Mental Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study

Published:2022-06-29 Issue: Volume: Page:003329412211105
ISSN:0033-2941
Container-title:Psychological Reports
language:en
Short-container-title:Psychol Rep

Author:

Sacre Hala¹,Hajj Aline²,Badro Danielle A.³,Abou Selwan Carla⁴,Haddad Chadia⁵^ORCID,Aoun Randa⁶,Salameh Pascale⁷

Affiliation:

1. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon.

2. Faculty of Pharmacy, Saint-Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Pharmacie Clinique et Contrôle de Qualité des Médicaments, Saint- Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.

3. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Science and Technology, Beirut, Lebanon

4. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon; Medical and Marketing Solutions, Science PRO, Jal El Dib, Lebanon

5. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon; Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon; School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon.

6. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon

7. INSPECT-LB, Institut National de Santé Publique, Épidémiologie Clinique et Toxicologie-Liban, Beirut, Lebanon; School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus; Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadat, Lebanon

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to examine the outcomes of COVID-19 and a collapsing economy on the mental well-being (MWB) of the general Lebanese population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted online in May 2020 and enrolled 502 adults. Results: Mental well-being had a mean of 14.80 (14.37; 15.24). A lower MWB was associated with female gender (beta=−1.533 [−2.324; −0.743]), university education (beta=−2.119 [-3.353;-0.885]), fear of COVID-19 (beta=−0.131 [−0.199; −0.063]), fear of poverty (beta=−0.232 [−0.402;−0.063]), verbal violence at home (beta=−3.464 [−5.137; −1.790]), and chronic disease (beta=−1.307 [−2.283; −0.330]). Better family satisfaction (beta=0.380 [0.235; 0.525]) and better financial situation (beta=0.029 [0.003; 0.055]) were significantly correlated with better MWB. In the subsample of workers/looking for a job, additional factors affected MWB: physical exercise (beta =1.318 [0.370; 2.265]) was associated with better QOL, while being a previous waterpipe smoker, being self-employed before the crisis (beta=−1.22 [−2.208;−0.231]), working from home since the economic crisis (−1.853 [−3.692; −0.013]), and worrying about the long-term effects of the crisis on one’s employment status (beta=−0.433 [−0.650; −0.216]) were associated lower MWB. It is noteworthy that closure of the institution yielded a borderline result (B = −1.2; p = .094), while the fear of COVID-19 was not significantly associated with MWB (B = −0.054; p =0.192). Conclusion: This study showed that, during the pandemic, economic and other factors, directly or indirectly related to COVID-19, significantly affected quality of life. The fear of COVID-19 and fear of poverty mainly impacted the MWB of the general population. However, the fear of COVID-19 lost its significance among workers, who reported that factors negatively affecting their MWB are directly related to their employment and the already collapsing economy in Lebanon.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Psychology

Link

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/00332941221110545

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