Effect of whole body vibration training on mobility in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled experimenter-blinded study

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate ambulatory function and leg muscle thickness after whole body vibration training in children with cerebral palsy. Design: A block randomized controlled trial with two groups. Setting: Physical therapy department laboratory. Subjects: A total of 30 (15 experimental, mean (SD) age 10.0 (2.26) years and 15 control, 9.6 (2.58)) children with cerebral palsy, 15 males and 15 females. Interventions: The experimental group underwent whole body vibration training combined with conventional physical therapy training; the control group underwent conventional physical therapy training three days a week for eight weeks respectively. Main outcome measures: Three-dimensional gait analyses and ultrasonographic imaging of the leg muscles were measured at pre- and post-test of intervention for eight weeks. Results: Whole body vibration training resulted in significantly better gait speed ( P = 0.001, from 0.37 (0.04) m/s to 0.48 (0.06)), stride length ( P = 0.001, from 0.38 (0.18) m to 0.48 (0.18)) and cycle time ( P = 0.001, from 0.85 (0.48) s to 0.58 (0.38)) in the experimental group compared with that in the control group. The ankle angle ( P = 0.019, from 7.30 (4.02) degree to 13.58 (8.79)) also showed a remarkable increase in the experimental group, but not the hip ( P = 0.321) and knee angle ( P = 0.102). The thicknesses of the tibialis anterior ( P = 0.001, 0.48 (0.08) mm to 0.63 (0.10)) and soleus ( P = 0.001, 0.45 (0.04) mm to 0.63 (0.12)) muscles were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. However, no significant effect was observed in the thickness of the gastrocnemius muscle ( P = 0.645). Conclusions: These findings suggest that whole body vibration may improve mobility in children with cerebral palsy, probably through a positive effect on the leg muscles.