Worsening premature death burden gap from systemic sclerosis in men and black persons: A US nationwide population-based study

Abstract

Objective: Male sex and black race incur poor prognosis in systemic sclerosis (SSc). There is no nationwide population-based assessment of premature SSc death burden by sex and race. Methods: This is a population-based study comprising all recorded SSc deaths across the United States. We constructed histograms depicting the number of SSc deaths for each age by sex and race, and calculated the cumulative percent death at each age and the median age of death. We determined the odds ratios for the risk of premature death from SSc by sex and race. We then calculated the percent of total SSc deaths for different age groups by sex and race from 1970 to 2015. We performed chi-square test with Yates’s correction and quantified the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The median age of SSc death was 63 years in males versus 68 years in females, and 57 years in blacks versus 70 years in whites. The odds for SSc death before 65 years age was 1.8 (95% CI, 1.6–2.0) for males compared with females and 5.1 (95% CI, 4.4–6.0) for blacks compared with whites. The higher odds for premature death in males than in females was similar for both races. Differences in the proportions of premature deaths from 1970 to 2015 increased between males and females (−5% to 17%) and between blacks and whites (14% to 36%). Conclusion: Males and black persons die of SSc at younger ages. The worsening premature death burden gap between the two sexes and races over the last five decades is troublesome.