Why do Citizens Choose to Read Fact-Checks in the Context of the Russian War in Ukraine? The Role of Directional and Accuracy Motivations in Nineteen Democracies

Author:

Tulin Marina1ORCID,Hameleers Michael1ORCID,de Vreese Claes12,Aalberg Toril3,Corbu Nicoleta4,Van Erkel Patrick1ORCID,Esser Frank5,Gehle Luisa6ORCID,Halagiera Denis7,Hopmann David Nicolas2ORCID,Koc-Michalska Karolina89ORCID,Matthes Jörg10,Mihelj Sabina11,Schemer Christian6,Stetka Vaclav11ORCID,Strömbäck Jesper12,Terren Ludovic13,Theocharis Yannis14ORCID

Affiliation:

1. University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

2. University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

3. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

4. National University of Political Studies and Public Administration, Bucharest, Romania

5. University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

6. Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany

7. Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland

8. Audencia Business School, Nantes, France

9. University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

10. University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

11. Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK

12. University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

13. University of Antwerp, Munchen, Germany

14. Technical University of Munich, Germany

Abstract

The recent surge of false information accompanying the Russian invasion of Ukraine has re-emphasized the need for interventions to counteract disinformation. While fact-checking is a widely used intervention, we know little about citizen motivations to read fact-checks. We tested theoretical predictions related to accuracy-motivated goals (i.e., seeking to know the truth) versus directionally-motivated goals (i.e., seeking to confirm existing beliefs) by analyzing original survey data ( n = 19,037) collected in early April to late May 2022 in nineteen countries, namely Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, and USA. Survey participants read ten statements about the Russian war in Ukraine and could opt to see fact-checks for each of these statements. Results of mixed models for three-level hierarchical data (level 1: statements, level 2: individuals, and level 3: countries) showed that accuracy motivations were better explanations than directional motivations for the decision to read fact-checks about the Russian war in Ukraine.

Funder

narodowe centrum nauki

European Commission - Horizon Europe

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Reference46 articles.

1. Research note: Fighting misinformation or fighting for information?

2. Conte M., Cotterlaz P., Mayer T. (2022), “The CEPII Gravity Database”. CEPII Working Paper No: 2022-05, July 2022.

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