The relationship between early-onset chondromalacia and the position of the patella

Abstract

Background There are many underlying accelerator factors for chondromalacia and one of the well-known factors is patellar malalignment. Purpose To evaluate the relationship between early-onset chondromalacia and patellar position; and, second, to evaluate the value of patellar malalignment criteria. Material and Methods Patients aged 18–40 years with advanced chondromalacia were included. For comparison, a control group was defined with the same number of individuals of the same mean age. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sagittal view with the greatest patellar length was used to obtain the patellar height measurement with the Insall-Salvati index. For the remaining three indices—modified Insall-Salvati, Caton-Deschamps, and Blackburne-Pell—a sagittal view with the greatest patellar articular surface was used. Discordance was defined as contradiction with the measured index and the other three indices. Results Both patella alta and baja were found to be predisposing factors for chondromalacia. Modified Insall-Salvati index was the most concordant measurement to define patella alta. Conclusion Both patella alta and patella baja were found to predispose to chondromalacia. Patella baja is rare, which may explain why it is not often mentioned as a predisposing factor. The modified Insall-Salvati index ratio was the best patella alta indicator that showed chondral status, more than patellar placement, and was more concordant with the other indices. Blackburne-Pell had the second highest number and ratio of discordance. BP cannot be optimally calculated because deciding the location of the tibial plateau seems to be problematic since it is a three-dimensional and complicated structure.