Fluoroscopic-guided stent placement in failed tentative endoscopic approaches to malignant gastroduodenal obstructions

Abstract

Background Fluoroscopic or endoscopic placement of metallic stents is used as a safe, non-surgical, palliative treatment option for malignant gastroduodenal obstructions. However, endoscopic stent placement is not always feasible, due to the tight or tortuous stricture of the obstructed area and insufficient visualization of the stomach due to remnant food material. Purpose To assess the technical feasibility and clinical outcomes of fluoroscopic-guided stent placement in malignant gastroduodenal obstructions following the technical failure of endoscopic stent placement. Material and Methods In all, 19 patients (14 men, 5 women; age range, 36–85 years) were referred due to technical failures of tentative endoscopic stent placement. Indications were failure to pass the guide wire through the obstruction (n = 13), failure to reach the stricture lesion due to short endoscope (n = 5), and acute angulation of the stricture lesion (n = 1). Data were retrospectively collected regarding the technical and clinical success of the fluoroscopy, the dysphagia score before and after stent placement, and major complications and their management. Results Fluoroscopic stent placement was technically successful in 15/19 patients (79%). Failures were due to complete obstruction (n = 3) and acute angulation of the stricture lesion (n = 1). Clinical success was achieved in all 15 patients with successful stent placement. The dysphagia score significantly improved after stent placement ( P < 0.001). Complications occurred in 4/15 patients (27%), including tumor overgrowth (n = 2), stent collapse (n = 1), and jaundice (n = 1). Conclusion Fluoroscopic stent placement in malignant gastroduodenal obstructions following a technical failure of endoscopic stent placement is technically feasible and has an acceptable clinical outcome.