The diagnostic value of ultrasonography in evaluation of the intraneural vascular anomalies of peripheral nerves

Abstract

Background The imaging diagnosis of intraneural vascular anomalies of peripheral nerves mostly depended on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), whereas high-frequency ultrasonography evaluation of intraneural vascular anomalies has been seldom done. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of intraneural vascular anomalies of peripheral nerves. Material and Methods A total of 69 consecutive patients seen at Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University between February 2013 and June 2022, each with a clinical suspicion of intraneural vascular anomaly, were included. The ultrasonographic images of intraneural vascular anomalies of peripheral nerves were analyzed and the ultrasonographic features were summarized. These data were compared with MRI, which served as the gold standard for the diagnosis of intraneural vascular anomalies. The kappa statistic was adopted to determine the level of agreement. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, and Youden index of high-frequency ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool were assessed. Results Ultrasonography findings were positive in 20 of 69 patients with a clinical suspicion of intraneural vascular anomaly. The diagnosis was confirmed by MRI in 21 patients. There was one false-positive result and two false-negative results by ultrasonography. The κ value was 0.896. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, accuracy, and Youden index of ultrasonography were 90.5%, 97.9%, 95%, 95.9%, 95.7%, and 0.884, respectively. Conclusion Ultrasonography could be an accurate, reliable, and convenient imaging tool for the diagnosis of intraneural vascular anomalies of peripheral nerves.