Factors Influencing Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy among People Living with HIV in Coastal South India

Abstract

Background: Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) has transformed life threatening HIV/AIDS scenario into chronic manageable disease. Methodology: In this cross-sectional, 409 People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) aged ≥ 18 years, who were on ART, were assessed regarding the adherence to ART and factors affecting adherence using semi-structured questionnaire. The association between factors affecting adherence and the level of adherence were analyzed using multiple logistic regression model and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results: Among 409 PLHIV, 70.4% showed adherence to ART (≥95%). Univariate analysis yielded many factor associated with adherence ( P < 0.05). However, on multivariate analysis, PLHIV who do not forget to take ART and not consuming alcohol were the factors consistent with adherence to ART ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: Regular patient education and counseling regarding the usage of memory aids and abstinence from alcohol could be useful for adherence and long term success of ART among PLHIV.