Effect of three opioid-based analgesic protocols on the perioperative autonomic-mediated cardiovascular response in sheep

Author:

Bellini Luca1ORCID,De Benedictis Giulia Maria2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Padua, Italy

2. Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Italy

Abstract

Few reports evaluate the clinical effects of opioids in sheep during experimental surgical procedures. Catecholamine-mediated haemodynamic changes resulting from surgical noxious stimulation are blunted by opioids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of three opioid-based analgesic protocols in avoiding a 20% increase in heart rate (HR) and/or mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) during experimental intervertebral disk nucleotomy in sheep. Eighteen female Brogna sheep were anaesthetized with propofol and maintained with a fixed end-tidal isoflurane concentration of 1.5 ± 0.1%. Sheep were assigned to one of three groups that intravenously received methadone 0.3 mg/kg (group M), fentanyl 2 µg/kg followed by 10 µg/kg/h (group F), or buprenorphine 10 µg/kg and 30 minutes later ketamine 1 mg/kg followed by 5 mg/kg/h (group BK). Intravenous fentanyl at 2 µg/kg would have been used for rescue analgesia in case HR and/or MAP had increased. During surgery, HR and MAP values did not increase over 20% in all groups. All animals maintained the percentage change between -4 and 7% for both variables; only one sheep in group BK had an increase in MAP superior to 20% after ketamine administration before surgical stimulation. In group M, HR decreased over time and in group BK, MAP tended to increase during surgery. All the opioid-based protocols tested were able to control the cardiovascular response to noxious stimulation in sheep undergoing spinal surgery, although ketamine may have represented a confounding factor.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

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