Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: an algorithm for diagnosis and management

Author:

Takada Kazuto1,Matsumoto Shuuichi2,Hiramatsu Tetsuo2,Kojima Eiji2,Shizu Masato2,Okachi Shoutarou2,Ninomiya Kiyoko2,Morioka Hiroshi2

Affiliation:

1. Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Komaki Municipal Hospital, Komaki, Japan,

2. Division of Respiratory and Allergy Medicine, Komaki Municipal Hospital, Komaki, Japan

Abstract

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is a rare disorder most often affecting young males which is generally self-limiting. Despite the benign prognosis with few complications and little morbidity, it frequently confuses clinicians in primary settings, who may have difficulty differentiating SPM from other serious organ ruptures, especially oesophageal rupture (the so-called Boerhaave syndrome), which may lead to mediastinitis and may be fatal, even with appropriate interventions. An overview of adult SPM is provided, reviewing 17 studies (414 patients), including our clinical experience, and finally an algorithm for diagnosis and management of SPM is proposed, based on the characteristics of SPM.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine

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