Neighborhood Disorder, Subjective Alienation, and Distress

Author:

Ross Catherine E.1,Mirowsky John2

Affiliation:

1. Catherine E. Ross is Professor in the Department of Sociology and the Population Research Center at the University of Texas. Her research examines the effects of gender, socioeconomic status (especially education and work), and neighborhoods on physical and mental health, and sense of control versus powerlessness. Recent publications include “Sex Differences in the Effect of Education on Depression: Resource Multiplication or Resource Substitution?” Social Science & Medicine 2006 (Ross and Mirowsky);...

2. John Mirowsky is Professor in Sociology and the Population Research Center at the University of Texas. He studies social aspects of health and well-being, particularly as they develop over the life course. Recent books include Education, Social Status, and Health, and the second edition of Social Causes of Psychological Distress, both co-authored with Catherine E. Ross and published by Aldine Transaction in 2003. Recent articles include “Education and Self-Rated Health: Cumulative Advantage and its...

Abstract

Living in a threatening, noxious, and dangerous neighborhood may produce anxiety, anger, and depression because it is subjectively alienating. We hypothesize that neighborhood disorder represents ambient threat that elicits perceptions of powerlessness, normlessness, mistrust, and isolation. These perceptions in turn lead to anxious and angry agitation, and depressed exhaustion. We use data from the 1995 Community, Crime, and Health survey, a probability sample of 2,482 adults in Illinois, with a follow-up survey in 1998. We find that perceived neighborhood disorder is associated with high levels of anxiety, anger, and depression. Personal victimization mediates about 10 percent of the association. The rest of the association is mediated primarily by mistrust and, secondarily, by perceived powerlessness. Normlessness reflects neighborhood disorder, but it appears to have little influence on distress. Social isolation has trade-offs in its connections to neighborhood disorder and to distress.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Social Psychology

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