Immunization Coverage in Young People Experiencing Homelessness and the Impact of a Nurse-led Program

Author:

Tominc Belinda L.12ORCID,Francis Kate L.23ORCID,Sawyer Susan M.123,Heerde Jessica A.23,O’Neill Jenny13,Henning Dot1

Affiliation:

1. The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

2. Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

3. The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia

Abstract

Objectives: To identify the proportion of young people experiencing homelessness who are immunized against vaccine-preventable diseases, and to evaluate the impact of a nurse-led immunization program to improve vaccination coverage in this population. Methods: A retrospective audit of electronic medical records included 400 participants aged 15 to 24 years who had an encounter with the Young People’s Health Service, a nurse-led clinic co-located with a specialist youth homelessness service in Melbourne, Australia, between February 2019 and May 2021. Results: Integrating an immunization nurse within a youth specialist homelessness service increased the percentage of young people who were up-to-date with routine vaccinations from 6.0% (n = 24) to 38.8% (n = 155). Intersecting social determinants of health that increased participants’ risk of vaccine preventable diseases, and of missing routine vaccines, were common. Conclusions: Incomplete coverage of routine vaccines is common in young people accessing homelessness services, and this coverage was improved when young people encountered an immunization nurse while accessing support from a specialist youth homelessness service. As a service model, nurse-led community health clinics co-located within homelessness providers can improve vaccination coverage, and therefore health outcomes, of young people experiencing or at risk of homelessness.

Funder

Royal Children’s Hospital League of Former Trainees

National Health and Medical Research Council

University of Melbourne

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Community and Home Care

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