Effectiveness of a Health Belief Model-Based Education Program on Self-Efficacy and Preparedness for Infectious Disasters in Rural Populations

Author:

Khaira Nuswatul1ORCID,Faisal T. Iskandar12,Magfirah Magfirah3,Veri Nora3,Usrina Nora1,Andy Rias Yohanes4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Nursing, Aceh Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Aceh Besar, Indonesia

2. Department of Nursing, Palu Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Mamboro Palu Utara, Indonesia

3. Department of Midwifery, Aceh Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health, Langsa Barat, Indonesia

4. Faculty of Health, College of Nursing, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata Kediri, Kediri, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Health education programs can enhance self-efficacy and disaster preparedness. However, research incorporating the Health Belief Model (HBM) in education for infectious disasters is lacking. Aims: Examine the effectiveness of an HBM-based education program on self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness for infectious disasters in rural populations. Methods: In total, 109 eligible participants were allocated to two groups: participants who received HBM-based education ( n = 55) or regular education ( n = 54), presented at in-person meetings, with individual follow-up conducted on WhatsApp. Self-reported self-efficacy and preparedness for infectious disasters in both groups were measured at 4 and 8 weeks. Findings: Participants showed a significant interaction between groups and in time to increase in self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported preparedness to deal with infectious disasters. After 4 and 8 weeks, the groups had statistically significant differences ( p≤.001) in all outcome measures. Conclusion: HBM-based education was associated with increased self-reported self-efficacy and self-reported infectious disaster preparedness among the rural population. Follow-up by nurses is essential to implementing continuing health belief education programs to enhance rural populations’ self-efficacy and infectious disaster preparedness.

Funder

Aceh Polytechnic of the Ministry of Health

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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