Effects of Resistance versus Aerobic Training on Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors

Author:

Banz William J.12,Maher Margaret A.3,Thompson Warren G.4,Bassett David R.5,Moore Wayne6,Ashraf Muhammad7,Keefer Daniel J.5,Zemel Michael B.76

Affiliation:

1. Departments of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition

2. Physiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinoios 62901

3. Department of Biology, University of Wisconsin, La Crosse, Wisconsin 54601

4. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

5. Human Performance and Sport Studies

6. Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996

7. Departments of Medicine

Abstract

Individuals exhibiting “the metabolic syndrome” have multiple coronary artery disease risk factors, including insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and android obesity. We performed a randomized trial to compare the effects of aerobic and resistance training regimens on coronary risk factors. Twenty-six volunteers who exhibited android obesity and at least one other risk factor for coronary artery disease were randomized to aerobic or resistance training groups. Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, glucose, insulin, body composition, 24-hr urinary albumin, fibrinogen, blood pressure, and lipid profile were measured at baseline and after 10 weeks of exercise training. Both groups showed a significant reduction in waist-to-hip ratio and the resistance training group also showed a reduction in total body fat. There was no significant change in mean arterial blood pressure in either group. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides were unchanged in both groups. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased (13%) with aerobic training only. Plasma fibrinogen was increased (28% and 34%, P < 0.02) in both groups and both groups showed a significant decrease (34% and 28%, P < 0.03) in microalbuminuria after their respective training regimen. In conclusion, resistance training was effective in improving body composition of middle-aged obese sedentary males. Only aerobic training was effective in raising HDL cholesterol. More studies are warranted to assess the effects of exercise on plasma fibrinogen and microalbuminuria.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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