Modeling immunity in microphysiological systems

Author:

Kwee Brian J12ORCID,Li Xiaoqing1,Nguyen Xinh-Xinh1,Campagna Courtney13,Lam Johnny1,Sung Kyung E1

Affiliation:

1. Cellular and Tissue Therapy Branch, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA

2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA

3. Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA

Abstract

There is a need for better predictive models of the human immune system to evaluate safety and efficacy of immunomodulatory drugs and biologics for successful product development and regulatory approvals. Current in vitro models, which are often tested in two-dimensional (2D) tissue culture polystyrene, and preclinical animal models fail to fully recapitulate the function and physiology of the human immune system. Microphysiological systems (MPSs) that can model key microenvironment cues of the human immune system, as well as of specific organs and tissues, may be able to recapitulate specific features of the in vivo inflammatory response. This minireview provides an overview of MPS for modeling lymphatic tissues, immunity at tissue interfaces, inflammatory diseases, and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment in vitro and ex vivo. Broadly, these systems have utility in modeling how certain immunotherapies function in vivo, how dysfunctional immune responses can propagate diseases, and how our immune system can combat pathogens.

Funder

US Department of Energy and U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Perinatal Health Center of Excellence, and research funds from the Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies in CBER/FDA

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

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