Systematic Review of Physical Activity Interventions in Hispanic Adults

Abstract

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) has demonstrated substantial physical and psychological benefits. However, Hispanics engage in less leisure-time PA when compared with other groups, putting them at higher risk for diseases associated with obesity, such as diabetes mellitus type 2. This literature review was conducted to identify best practices with regard to interventions designed to increase PA among Hispanic adults. Methods: Extensive searching located 21 randomized controlled studies conducted in the United States. Results: Common conceptual frameworks were the transtheoretical model and social cognitive theory. Most interventions used educational sessions with a variety of topics and many used promotoras to increase PA. Outcomes were predominantly examined using self-report PA measures. Walking was the most commonly reported PA behavior. Studies with significant results were those that measured moderate-to-vigorous PA and used theory to guide interventions. Male and older participants were underrepresented. Conclusions: Effective culturally appropriate PA interventions for Hispanics adults are needed. Particular attention to intervention tailoring based on country of origin could enhance intervention effectiveness.