A Community-Based Participatory Assessment of the Health Status and Obesity Risks in Children From Rural Farmworker Families in the Midwest

Abstract

Obesity prevalence is higher among Hispanic children (22.4%) compared with general U.S. children (17%). Children of migrant and seasonal farmworking families are at heightened risk for obesity and related conditions. Limited research, including needs assessments and health promotion programs, has been conducted in Latino migrant farm working communities. Our objective was to identify needs, opportunities, and barriers for designing health promotion programs for children attending a community agency in a small Midwestern town. As part of a community-based participatory research project, a needs assessment was undertaken with 38 children aged 5 to 12 years (74% Latino). Measures included demographics, dietary patterns, physical activity (PA), and anthropometrics. The study was approved by the university’s institutional review board and written parental consent, and child assent, was obtained. More than half of the sample had overweight (29%) or obesity (26%); 31% had elevated blood pressure levels. Participants did not meet the U.S. Department of Agriculture recommendations for most food groups and nutrients; 13% fell into the “poor” and 87% into the “needs improvement” category based on Healthy Eating Index scores. PA levels were low; only 34% of respondents engaged in sufficient exercise. Findings indicate the need for programs promoting improvements in dietary intake and increased PA.