Characterization of HIV-Associated Hodgkin's Lymphoma in HIV-Infected Patients

Abstract

Introduction Although the incidence and prevalence of AIDS-defining malignancies has decreased in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), the incidence and prevalence of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in the HIV-infected population continues to rise. Compared with the general population, HIV-infected patients exhibit a 5-10-fold increased risk for developing HL. Methods A retrospective review of charts and electronic records from 2000-2010 at the HIV outpatient clinic (HOP)-Louisiana State University in New Orleans was conducted, and pathologically confirmed cases of HIV-HL were identified within this cohort. Results We found a prevalence of 6.3 cases per 1,000 patients per year of HIV-HL over a period of 10 years in our HIV outpatient clinic. The mean absolute CD4 count before treatment was 284 cells/mm3 and after treatment was 194 cells/mm3. The average time from the diagnosis of HIV infection to the diagnosis of HIV-HL was 7.6 years. The most common histopathologic type was mixed cellularity followed by lymphocytic predominance. The majority of patients had 6 cycles delivered. In terms of HL staging 87% presented with advanced stages (III B or IV). To the best of our knowledge 5 out of the 14 patients remain alive. Conclusions Patients in our cohort were older than most patients identified in other cohorts. All of our patients had coexisting chronic illnesses associated with inflammation, as well as detectable HIV viral loads and CD4 count >200, suggesting a role for both HIV- and non-HIV-associated inflammation in HIV-HL pathogenesis in this population. The role of HIV virus and other oncogenic viruses (EBV, HPV, and others) in the pathogenesis of Hodgkin's lymphoma in this group of patients needs to be elucidated.