Enteric Bacterial Pathogens in HIV-Infected Children With Acute Diarrhea in Mulago Referral and Teaching Hospital, Kampala, Uganda

Abstract

Objective. HIV-infected children develop severe bacterial infections. We set out to determine the enteric bacterial pathogens in HIV-infected children and HIV-negative controls with acute diarrhea and their antimicrobial sensitivities. Methods. Children below 5 years of age with acute diarrhea were screened for HIV and their stools were analyzed by culture and use of antisera and the sensitivities of the pathogens were determined using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Results. Of the 190 children, 47 were HIV positive. The prevalence rates of the pathogens in HIV-infected and -uninfected children were 19% (9/47) and 27% (38/143), respectively; odds ratio = 0.64 (95% confidence interval 0.20-1.97), P value .396. The pathogens in HIV-infected and -uninfected children were Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella species. Most isolates were resistant to cotrimoxazole. Conclusions. Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Shigella species significantly cause acute diarrhea in HIV-infected and -uninfected children and they are highly resistant to cotrimoxazole.