1. 29. Citizen, Lexico, available at (last visited February 28, 2020).
2. 51. Gold et al., supra note 19. It is clear that absent long-term investment and planning data may simply disappear, as happened with Data Donors, a data donation project sponsored by the Wikilife Foundation. Bietz, Patrick, and Bloss, supra note 6. A lack of sustained support may also explain the signs of stasis on the website for DIY genomics. Pages for patient-organized genomic research studies listed as active have not been updated in the past 5 years. Further, Genomera, the company that provided the infrastructure utilized in these studies, has gone out of business.
3. 26. Citizen Science Association, “Values,” available at (last visited February 28, 2020).
4. Where Are the Missing Coauthors? Authorship Practices in Participatory Research
5. “Citizen Science: The Law and Ethics of Public Access to Medical Big Data,”;Hoffman;Berkeley Technology Law Journal,2015