Accessory Talar Facet Impingement and Sinus Tarsi Pain Associated With Accessory Anterolateral Talar Facet

Abstract

Background: Sinus tarsi pain caused by accessory talar facet impingement (ATFI) owing to accessory anterolateral talar facet (AALTF) is not well documented. We evaluated prevalence of AALTF and differences of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings between persons with and without sinus tarsi pain, and investigated the relevant association between MRI findings and sinus tarsi pain in persons with AALTF. Methods: We performed a case-control study on 120 ankles with sinus tarsi pain and 120 age- and gender-matched ankles without sinus tarsi pain. As MRI findings, bone marrow edema (BME), sinus tarsi fat obliteration (STFO), calcaneal cyst, talocalcaneal coalition, Gissane angle, talar inferolateral surface (TILS) angle, and calcaneal cortical thickness (CCT) were evaluated. The MRI findings were compared between persons with and without sinus tarsi pain, and between persons with and without AALTF. Among persons with AALTF, MRI findings were compared between those with and without sinus tarsi pain. Relevant association was evaluated between MRI findings and sinus tarsi pain in persons with AALTF. Results: Presence of AALTF, BME, and STFO were significantly higher in the group with sinus tarsi pain. The Gissane angle was significantly smaller, and the TILS angle and CCT were significantly larger in the group with sinus tarsi pain. The BME (OR 7.571, CI 1.453-39.446) and small Gissane angle (OR 0.891, CI 0.804-0.986) were significantly associated with sinus tarsi pain in persons with the AALTF. Conclusion: The study provides evidence for ATFI related to impingement of an AALTF associated with talocalcaneal BME. Level of Evidence: Level III, case-control study.