Reducing diagnostic error

Abstract

Diagnostic medical errors represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality, and reflecting on the causes behind them can be a great source of learning to practitioners. Adverse medical events are costly and can have a dramatic impact, not only on patients themselves but also their loved ones. In addition, diagnostic interventions are becoming increasingly complex, potentially opening the door for greater iatrogenic harm. Health care services have recognised the need for action to improve patient safety and have implemented system-wide changes that have had far reaching benefits. However, measures focused on streamlining the thought processes required for accurate diagnosis have been more difficult to implement. Many cognitive errors are modifiable, making it possible for physicians to improve their diagnostic reliability. This article describes the types of errors that may be made when forming a diagnosis and suggests some strategies to reduce diagnostic error, hence improving clinical practice.