Gas Chromatography – Ion Mobility Spectrometry as a tool for quick detection of hazardous volatile organic compounds in indoor and ambient air: A university campus case study

Abstract

Society’s concerns about the citizens’ exposure to possibly dangerous environments have recently risen; nevertheless, the assessment of indoor air quality still represents a major contemporary challenge. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are among the main factors responsible for deteriorating air quality conditions. These analytes are very common in daily-use environments and they can be extremely hazardous to human health, even at trace concentrations levels. For these reasons, their quick detection, identification, and quantification are crucial tasks, especially for indoor and heavily-populated scenarios, where the exposure time is usually quite long. In this work, a Gas Chromatography – Ion Mobility Spectrometry (GC-IMS) device was used for continuous monitoring indoor and ambient air environments at a large-scale, due to its outstanding levels of sensibility, selectivity, analytical flexibility, and almost real-time monitoring capability. A total of 496 spectra were collected from 15 locations of a university campus and posteriorly analysed. Overall, 23 compounds were identified among the 31 detected. Some of them, like Ethanol and 2-Propanol, were reported as being very hazardous to the human organism, especially in indoor environments. The achieved results confirmed the suitability of GC-IMS technology for air quality assessment and monitoring of VOCs and, more importantly, proved how dangerous indoor environments can be in scenarios of continuous exposure.