COVID-19 Vaccination Uptake and Hesitancy Among Current Tobacco Users

Author:

Krebs Nicolle M1ORCID,D’Souza Gail1,Bordner Candace12,Allen Sophia I1ORCID,Hobkirk Andrea L12ORCID,Foulds Jonathan12,Yingst Jessica M1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

2. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA

Abstract

Novel mRNA vaccines have been developed and were first distributed to high-risk individuals (including smokers) in the United States starting in December 2020 to combat the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Over one-half of the U.S. adult population has received at least 1 dose of a COVID-19 vaccine, but many others have reported hesitation about becoming vaccinated. We examined COVID-19 vaccine uptake and hesitancy from a convenience sample of Pennsylvanian adult smokers in April 2021, approximately 3 months after tobacco users were eligible to receive vaccination in the state. Participants (n = 231) were 23.4% male, 90.5% white, and had a mean age of 48.1 (SD = 11.9) years. All participants were current tobacco users, with the majority reporting current cigarette smoking (90.9%) with an average of 16 (SD = 8.1) cigarettes smoked per day. Nearly 60% (n = 137) reported receiving at least 1 dose of the vaccine and of those who did not (n = 94), 84% (n = 79) said they were somewhat or very unlikely to get a vaccine. Those who were unvaccinated were more likely to not consume news about COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01) and less likely to believe government news sources as reliable information for COVID-19 (chi-square P-value < .01). Qualitative responses among those who were vaccine hesitant expressed concerns about the lack of research on the vaccine, distrust of the safety of the vaccine, and fears about side effects. Understanding vaccine hesitancy among tobacco users can help develop targeted communication strategies and directly address concerns to promote vaccination among this population who may be at an increased risk of severe complications from COVID-19.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health

Publisher

SAGE Publications

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