Epigenetics: Novel crucial approach for osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells

Author:

Wang Zhaohua1ORCID,Wen Si2,Zhong Meiqi1,Yang Ziming1,Xiong Wei3,Zhang Kuo4,Yang Shude1,Li Huizheng5,Guo Shu1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

2. Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China

3. Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China

4. College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China

5. Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China

Abstract

Bone has a robust regenerative potential, but its capacity to repair critical-sized bone defects is limited. In recent years, stem cells have attracted significant interest for their potential in tissue engineering. Applying mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for enhancing bone regeneration is a promising therapeutic strategy. However, maintaining optimal cell efficacy or viability of MSCs is limited by several factors. Epigenetic modification can cause changes in gene expression levels without changing its sequence, mainly including nucleic acids methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs. This modification is believed to be one of the determinants of MSCs fate and differentiation. Understanding the epigenetic modification of MSCs can improve the activity and function of stem cells. This review summarizes recent advances in the epigenetic mechanisms of MSCs differentiation into osteoblast lineages. We expound that epigenetic modification of MSCs can be harnessed to treat bone defects and promote bone regeneration, providing potential therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Biomedical Engineering,Biomaterials,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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