Assessment and associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge in an at-risk population: a cross-sectional study from 19,286 young persons in Nigeria

Author:

Kareem Yusuf Olushola1,Dorgbetor Cyprian Issahaku2,Ameyaw Edward Kwabena3,Abubakar Zubaida1,Adelekan Babatunde1,Goldson Erika1,Mueller Ulla1,Adegboye Oyelola45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. United Nations Population Fund, Abuja, Nigeria

2. Ghana Health Service, Municipal Health Directorate, Techiman, Ghana

3. Institute of Policy Studies and School of Graduate Studies, Lingnan University, Tuen Mun, Hong Kong

4. Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Queensland 4814, Australia

5. Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, Queensland 4814, Australia

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of HIV among young people aged 15–19 years in Nigeria is estimated as 3.5%, the highest among West and Central African countries. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV is associated with increased awareness of preventive interventions and a reduction in the spread of HIV. Therefore, this article seeks to assess and determine the associated factors of comprehensive HIV knowledge among youths in Nigeria. Methods: The study used the 2018 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey, a cross-sectional survey that employed a two-stage cluster sampling method. Comprehensive knowledge of HIV was assessed based on five questions. The data were analysed separately for men and women aged 15–24 years. A multivariable log-binomial regression model was used to determine factors associated with comprehensive HIV knowledge. All analysis was performed using Stata 15.0 and adjusted for weighting, clustering and stratification. Results: A total of 15,267 women and 4019 men aged 15–24 years were included in this study. The prevalence of comprehensive knowledge of HIV was higher among women than among men (42.6% versus 33.7%; p < 0.001) and lower among younger ages 15–17 years compared with other ages. The findings revealed that age, ethnicity, wealth, education and exposure to mass media were statistically significant factors associated with comprehensive knowledge of HIV. In addition, religion, place of residence, phone ownership, internet use, currently working and having initiated sex were significant factors among women and modern contraceptive use among men. Conclusion: Key findings from this study imply that public health programmes in Nigeria should focus on providing information on HIV/AIDS using different approaches, including comprehensive sex education as well as health promotion and education strategies in the formal and informal sectors. Because media exposure is a common and cost-effective way of public health promotion and education in modern times, emphasis could also be placed on using this channel to reach the target population.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Infectious Diseases

Reference35 articles.

1. https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/hq-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-library/key-facts-hiv-2020.pdf?sfvrsn=582c3f6e_3 (2020, accessed 30 October 2022).

2. Ecological Study of HIV Infection and Hypertension in Sub-Saharan Africa: Is There a Double Burden of Disease?

3. Residence and young women’s comprehensive HIV knowledge in Ethiopia

4. UNAIDS. Gap report 2014, https://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media/images/gap_report_popn_02_girlsyoungwomen_2014july-sept.pdf (2014, accessed 4 November 2022).

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