Benner’s Novice to Expert Model: An Application for Simulation Facilitators

Abstract

This paper details the application of Benner’s Novice to Expert Model to simulation educator knowledge, skills, and attitude for academic and practice settings. Facilitator development in the use of simulation methods is gaining more attention and support. If simulation is to continue to advance as a discipline, a theoretical basis is needed. The Novice to Expert Model provides the necessary conceptual structure to guide simulation facilitator development and assist in understanding learning trajectory. This theory-based approach that defines and operationalizes the five stages of development provides guidance for development resources, educational programs, and infrastructure needed at various program levels.