1. University of Calgary Spine Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
2. Combined Neurosurgery and Orthopaedic Spine Program, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
3. Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
4. Division of Orthopaedics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
5. Canada East Spine Centre, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
6. Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
7. Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
8. Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
9. Department of Orthopaedics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Quebec, Quebec, Canada
10. Department of Surgery, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
11. Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network, Markdale, Ontario, Canada