Hispanic Families’ Action Plans for a Healthier Lifestyle for Diabetes Management

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study was to conduct focus groups with Hispanic patients with type 2 diabetes and their family members who participated in a culturally tailored, family-based diabetes intervention about their action plans for a healthier lifestyle. Methods Five separate focus groups were led in Spanish by an experienced bicultural/bilingual moderator. The audiotaped sessions occurred at the end of the 8-week diabetes educational program. Data were transcribed in Spanish and translated into English. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the findings. Results Eighty-four Hispanic adults participated with an equal representation of patients with diabetes and family members. Most persons were female (63.1%) and the majority of persons were born in Mexico. The mean (SD) age of participants was 44.2 (14.3) years. Six themes emerged from the data: healthier eating habits, increasing physical activity, taking care of my sugar, coping with emotions, for the family, and empowerment and increased self-efficacy. Conclusions Hispanics created action plans that promoted healthier lifestyle behaviors individually and as a family. This type of behavior change may result in better diabetes management and fewer complications. Research studies are needed to assess the sustainability of action plans and their impact on glycemic control and diabetes risk factors. Additional studies are needed to address emotional eating and mental health factors.