Predicting language dominance in Spanish/English bilingual adults based on relative speech-in-speech recognition scores

Author:

Cowan Tiana1ORCID,Calandruccio Lauren2,Buss Emily3,Rodriguez Barbara4,Leibold Lori J.1

Affiliation:

1. Boys Town National Research Hospital, USA

2. Case Western Reserve University, USA

3. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA

4. University of New Mexico, USA

Abstract

Purpose: Multiple dimensions of language dominance, such as language proficiency and demand for language use, can be reflected in bilinguals’ speech-in-speech recognition scores. This paper explores the feasibility of using a novel measure to estimate language dominance for bilinguals: relative speech-in-speech recognition thresholds (SRTs) or the within-person difference in SRTs between their two languages. Method: Participants were 25 Spanish/English bilingual adults ( Mage = 30 years). SRTs for sentence recognition in a language-matched two-talker masker were measured in English and in Spanish using an adaptive, open-set task. Relative SRTs were calculated by subtracting the Spanish SRT from the English SRT. Language dominance and proficiency were assessed by established measures. Analysis: Spearman correlations were used to assess the association between measures. Findings: Relative SRTs were correlated with dominance scores derived from both a questionnaire ( rs = −.80) and standardized testing ( rs = −.80). Originality: We tested and validated a novel measure, relative SRTs, to predict language dominance in bilingual adults. This time-efficient method could be used by bilingual researchers interested in assessing language dominance for descriptive or experimental purposes. Significance: Relative SRTs show promise as a valid method to assess language dominance in Spanish/English bilingual adults.

Funder

National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Linguistics and Language,Language and Linguistics,Education

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