Selective public policies: sustainability and neoliberal urban restructuring

Abstract

This article deals with the transformation of urban environmental policies since the emergence of the concept of urban sustainability. It explores how the discursive frame of “sustainability” has favoured a hybrid neoliberalization of urban environmental policies in Manchester (UK) and Nantes (France). First, the paper describes the rise of entrepreneurial framing of the environment in the 1990s and 2000s. Second, it shows – with the example of eco-neighbourhood projects – how this new way of dealing with the environment led to specific and selective urban policies going hand in hand with the neoliberal restructuring of European cities. Third, it questions whether the notion of neoliberalization could be used to understand contemporary urban environmental strategies. It concludes by highlighting the heuristic potential of this notion when it goes along with careful case studies sensitive to contextual issues.