Umbilical Cord–Derived Stem Cells for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review

Author:

Dhillon Jaydeep1,Kraeutler Matthew J.2,Belk J. Wilson3,Scillia Anthony J.24

Affiliation:

1. Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, Colorado, USA.

2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Joseph’s University Medical Center, Paterson, New Jersey, USA.

3. University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

4. Academy Orthopaedics, Wayne, New Jersey, USA.

Abstract

Background: The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA) has gained recent interest in the orthopaedics community. Purpose: To review the literature to evaluate the efficacy of umbilical cord–derived MSCs in the treatment of OA of the knee joint. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases to identify studies with evidence levels from 1 to 4 that evaluated the clinical efficacy of human umbilical cord–derived MSC (hUC-MSC) injections for knee OA. The search phrase used was “umbilical cord knee osteoarthritis.” In the studies reviewed, patients were assessed based on the macroscopic International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society (ICRS) score, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score. Results: A total of 7 studies met inclusion criteria, including 385 patients undergoing injection of hUC-MSCs (mean age, 59.7 years). The mean follow-up was 23.4 months. Weighted averages of the WOMAC, macroscopic ICRS, subjective IKDC, and VAS scores all showed improvement from before to after treatment. No severe adverse reactions were recorded. Conclusion: Patients undergoing treatment of knee OA with hUC-MSCs might be expected to experience improvements in clinical outcomes. Additional high-quality randomized studies are needed to better determine the efficacy of hUC-MSC for the treatment of knee OA.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

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