Evaluation of Spasticity in Children With Cerebral Palsy Using Ashworth and Tardieu Scales Compared With Laboratory Measures

Abstract

The content validity of the Tardieu Scale and the Ashworth Scale was assessed in 27 independently ambulant children with cerebral palsy (gender: 17 males, 10 females; age: 5—9 years; Gross Motor Function Classification: level I and II). Ashworth and Tardieu Scale scores and laboratory measures of spasticity and contracture were collected from the plantarflexor muscles by 2 examiners who were blinded to the results. The Tardieu Scale was more effective than the Ashworth Scale in identifying the presence of spasticity (88.9%, kappa = 0.73; P = .000), the presence of contracture (77.8%, kappa = 0.503; P = .008) and the severity of contracture (r = 0.49; P = .009). However, neither scale was able to identify the severity of spasticity. The Tardieu Scale can provide useful information in children with cerebral palsy because it differentiates spasticity from contracture. However, a more comprehensive clinical method of testing neural and non-neural contributions to impairments and function is needed.