1. Faculty of Nursing, Department of Surgical Nursing, İnönü University, Malatya, Turkey
2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Toros University, Mersin, Turkey
3. Yusuf Şerefoğlu Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Kilis 7 Aralık University, Kilis, Turkey
4. Malatya Training and Research Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Clinic, Malatya, Turkey