Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation

Abstract

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare congenital lung mass of the fetus that can present as solid or cystic. This is often diagnosed prenatally with sonography and routinely followed through the term of the pregnancy. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation is now classified into five different types that all originate from different areas of the lung and can vary in appearance. CPAM does present with a few differentials that need to be assessed, including bronchopulmonary sequestration, bronchogenic cyst, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia. It is vital to fully assess the fetal thorax and determine if there are any abnormalities present and if so the originating vasculature. This case report demonstrates a type 3-CPAM and its sonographic appearance as well as the classifications of CPAM and the possible differential diagnoses.