Morbidity of Selective Lymph Node Biopsy for Melanoma: Meta-Analysis of Complications

Author:

Cigna Emanuele1,Gradilone Angela2,Ribuffo Diego3,Gazzaniga Paola2,Fino Pasquale1,Sorvillo Valentina1,Scuderi Nicolò1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Sapienza University of Rome

2. Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome

3. Unit of Plastic Surgery, Cagliari University Hospital, Monserrato, Italy

Abstract

Background and Aim Intraoperative lymphatic mapping and selective lymph node biopsy is accepted worldwide as the standard procedure for staging regional lymph nodes of 1–4 mm thick melanomas, as well as for other neoplasms. Although it is often stated that selective lymph node biopsy is a minimally invasive procedure associated with few complications, few data exist concerning the morbidity associated with the procedure. The present analysis was performed to evaluate the morbidity associated with selective lymph node biopsy in a long-term follow-up. Materials and Methods The study provides a review of 437 selective lymph node biopsies on 269 patients, operated on between the 1994 and the 2009, for the lymph node biopsy of head and neck, groin, axilla, upper and lower limbs and nodal basins. Patients’ history and follow-up were reviewed for 2 weeks after surgery, every 3 months for the first 2 years, every 4 months during the third year, and every 6 months subsequently, and postoperative morbidity was evaluated. Results After sentinel node biopsy, 14 patients developed one of the following complications: hematoma, 1 case (0.30%); lymphedema, 1 case (0.30%); seroma, 2 cases (0.61%); wound infection, 6 cases (1.83%); keloid scar, 2 cases (0.61%); and postoperative pain, 2 cases (0.61%). The total complication rate was 4.26%. Conclusions Selective lymph node biopsy for melanoma, as for other tumors, in respect to radical lymphadenectomy, is not a complications-free procedure but is usually not severe.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology,General Medicine

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