Gastric cancer detection using the serum pepsinogen test method

Author:

Trivanovic Dragan1ORCID,Plestina Stjepko2,Honovic Lorena3,Dobrila-Dintinjana Renata4,Vlasic Tanaskovic Jelena3,Vrbanec Damir1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Oncology and Medical Faculty, General Hospital Pula, Pula, Croatia

2. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Clinical Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

3. Department of Clinical Chemistry and Medical Faculty, General Hospital Pula, Pula, Croatia

4. Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Clinical Hospital Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the eighth most common cause of cancer deaths in Croatia and one of the most common causes of cancer deaths worldwide. A reliable diagnostic tool for the early detection of GC is essential. Objective: We previously suggested a pepsinogen test method to reduce the mortality from GC by allowing early detection. Here, we report an updated analysis from a prospective single-center clinical study to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the pepsinogen test method and to determine whether this test can be used as a part of routine laboratory assessment of high-risk patients. Methods: We present mature data of the pepsinogen test method in the Croatian population after a median follow-up of 36 months. Statistical analyses were performed using a Mann-Whitney U test, multiple logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) to evaluate the predictive power of the assayed biomarkers. Results: Of the 116 patients, 25 patients had GC and 91 demonstrated a nonmalignant pathology based on tissue biopsy. Cutoff values were pepsinogen I ⩽70 and pepsinogen I/II ratio ⩽3.0. Using ROC curve analysis, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were determined to be 87.22%, 78.12%, 90.10%, 71.43%, and 92.86%, respectively, for the diagnosis of GC. The area under the curve was 0.700 (95% confidence interval 0.57–0.83). Conclusion: Pepsinogen tests are valuable for screening a population in need of further diagnosis and could help to avoid unnecessary invasive endoscopic procedures.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology,General Medicine

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