Rural out-migration: Two group discriminant analysis

Abstract

Migration occurs in search of survival, fulfilment and a better life. Among the classified migrants, Census 2001 reported that rural out-migrants constituted the majority of 75.80 per cent. Majority of migration is from one rural area to another due to ‘marriage’ in the case of females and ‘in search of work’ in the case of males. Lack of balance between rural urban migration and urbanization carried a threat of major social and economic difficulties and it may actually block social and economic progress. The current paper analyses the determinants of rural out-migration to Coimbatore city, which stands third in the number of immigrants (Census 2001) in Tamil Nadu. A total of a hundred rural migrants in the sample area were contacted. An empirical analysis was carried out on the nature, size, type and other characteristics of migrant workers. Further the economic impact of migration and its determinants were also assessed. Rural out-migration occurs at a younger age mainly for seeking a better job. The disintegration of joint families had led to declining family income causing males to migrate to nearby cities in a larger proportion. The empirical analysis strengthened the various theories on migration, both neo-classical and sociological. From the findings of the study, it can be concluded that by providing adequate infrastructure and institutional supports in rural areas, the rural out-migration could be restricted preventing the unbalanced tilt towards cities.