Affiliation:
1. Lipscomb and Associates, PLLC, Sherwood, AR, USA
Abstract
Chemical exposures are routine; some are controlled, some are not. Whether an exposure should be controlled depends on the acceptability of the consequences of controlling or not controlling the exposure. The federal government has the responsibility to protect human health against the harmful effects of chemical exposure, and uses rather conservative policies and procedures to develop regulatory exposure standards. These protective risk values typically do not inform the likelihood of harm or the type of harm that should be anticipated if regulated exposure standards are exceeded. Exposure guideline values are not regulatory and not enforceable. Their purpose is to predict the types and severity of responses with respect to the exposure. These values may be called “predictive,” perhaps primarily because of the decreased level of conservatism based directly on their need to provide information on the likelihood of harm and the type of harm that should be anticipated when exposures are uncontrolled. If an emergency response action is required, the intensity of that response should be aligned with the anticipated impact of the exposure on human health and safety. The applicability of risk values for specific exposure scenarios should be selected based on the purpose for which they were developed.
Subject
Cell Biology,Toxicology,Molecular Biology,Pathology and Forensic Medicine
Reference18 articles.
1. Zur Geschichte des Gaskrieges
2. Ten Berge WF, Zwart A, Appelman LM. Concentration–time mortality response relationship of irritant and systemically acting vapours and gases. J Hazard Mater. 1986;13:301–309. doi:10.1016/0304-3894(86)85003-8.
3. US EPA. Office of Pesticide Programs Science Policy on the use of Data on Cholinesterase Inhibition for Risk Assessments of Organophosphorous and Carbamate Pesticide. Washington, DC: Office of Pesticide Programs us Environmental Protection Agency. 2000; Accessed September 11, 2019. https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-07/documents/cholin.pdf.
4. Reference dose (RfD): Description and use in health risk assessments
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
1. Toxicity data as the basis for acute and short-term emergency exposure guidance;Toxicological Risk Assessment and Multi-System Health Impacts from Exposure;2021