The Role of Untreated Psychosis in Neurodegeneration: A Review of Hypothesized Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity in First-Episode Psychosis-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

The Role of Untreated Psychosis in Neurodegeneration: A Review of Hypothesized Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity in First-Episode Psychosis

Published:2014-10 Issue:10 Volume:59 Page:513-517
ISSN:0706-7437
Container-title:The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry
language:en
Short-container-title:Can J Psychiatry

Author:

Anderson Kelly K¹,Voineskos Aristotle²,Mulsant Benoit H³,George Tony P⁴,McKenzie Kwame J⁵

Affiliation:

1. Post-Doctoral Fellow, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario

2. Koerner New Scientist and Head of Kimel-Family Translational Imaging-Genetics Laboratory, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

3. Physician-in-Chief, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

4. Clinical Director of the Schizophrenia Program and Medical Director of the Complex Illness Program, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Endowed Chair in Addiction Psychiatry and Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

5. Medical Director and Director of Health Equity, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario; Co-Director of Equity, Gender, and Population Psychiatry and Professor, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario

Abstract

For over 20 years, studies have tried to measure the association between the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and changes in brain morphology. A hypothesis that untreated psychosis is neurotoxic has been postulated, but the mechanisms of that toxicity have not been described. We re-analyzed papers collected for a systematic review to extract data on the hypotheses that have been generated on the potential mechanisms by which DUP could impact brain morphology in first-episode psychosis. Dopaminergic hyperactivity, prolonged hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal activation, and persistent activity of catecholamines have been hypothesized as mechanisms to explain these associations. However, the question remains as to whether the observed structural changes are permanent or may be reversed via antipsychotic treatment.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

Psychiatry and Mental health

Link

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/070674371405901003

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