Plantar Plating for Medial Naviculocuneiform Arthrodesis in Progressive Collapsing Foot Deformity

Abstract

Background: Medial column procedures are commonly used to treat progressive collapsing foot deformity (PCFD) reconstruction. The aim of this research is to present the clinical results of plantar plating for medial naviculocuneiform (NC) arthrodesis when NC joint pathology contributes to medial arch collapse. The authors hypothesized that lag screws with a plantar neutralization plate would result in a satisfactory NC joint fusion rate. Methods: A single-surgeon, retrospective case series was performed on patients with flexible PCFD who underwent NC arthrodesis using lag screws and a contoured neutralization plate applied plantarly across the medial NC joint as part of PCFD reconstruction. Thirteen patients (11 females, 2 males; mean age 53.1 [34-62] years) between 2016 and 2019 were identified for inclusion. Mean follow-up was 25.2 ± 12.7 months. Preoperative and postoperative anteroposterior talo–first metatarsal angle, lateral talo–first metatarsal angle, talonavicular coverage angle, and calcaneal pitch were measured. Union was evaluated radiologically. AOFAS midfoot scores were recorded at final follow-up. Results: All parameters demonstrated a significant improvement. Fusion was confirmed in 11 of 13 patients (85%) at a mean 5.7 ± 2.1 months. One patient required a revision of their NC fusion because of symptomatic nonunion. There were no cases of symptomatic plantar hardware. Conclusion: The results of this small cohort series suggest that lag screw with plantar plate NC arthrodesis yielded generally improved short-term radiographic and clinical outcomes in PCFD patients with medial arch collapse through the NC joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.